I-Urolithin A powder

Imininingwane ye-Urolithin A powder

Igama:	I-Urolithin A
Chemical igama:	I-3,8-Dihydroxybenzo [c] chromen-6-eyodwa
CAS:	1143-70-0
Indlela yamakhemikhali:	C13H8O4
Isisindo somzimba:	228.2
Umbala:	I-white to powder off-white
Ukhiye we-InChi:	I-RIUPLDUFZCXCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Amakhodi we-SMILES:	O=C1C2=CC(O)=CC=C2C3=C(O1)C=C(O)C=C3
umsebenzi:	I-Urolithin A, i-gut-microbial metabolite ye-ellagic acid, ine-anti-immune, antiproliferative kanye ne-antioxidant. I-Urolithin A yenza i-autophagy ne-apoptosis, icindezele ukuqhubeka komjikelezo weseli, futhi ivimbela ukuvela kwe-DNA.
Isicelo:	I-Urolithin A iyi-metabolite ye-ellagitannin; AbaPhakathi Bemithi
Umswakama:	I-soluble ku-DMSO (3 mg / mL).
Isitoreji Sokugcina:	Okomile, okumnyama naku-0 - 4 C isikhathi esifushane (izinsuku kuya emavikini) noma -20 C isikhathi eside (izinyanga kuya eminyakeni).
Isimo Sokuthumela:	Kuthunyelwe ngaphansi kokushisa okumangalisayo njengamakhemikhali angenabungozi. Lo mkhiqizo uzinzile ngokwanele amasonto ambalwa ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa okujwayelekile kanye nesikhathi esetshenziswa ku-Customs.

 

I-Urolithin A I-NMR Spectrum

Uma udinga i-COA, i-MSDS, i-HNMR yeqoqwana ngalinye lomkhiqizo nolunye ulwazi, sicela uxhumane nathi umphathi wezentengiso.

 

Isingeniso ku-Urolithins

Ama-Urolithin angama-metabolites wesibili we-ellagic acid asuselwa kuma-ellagitannins. Kubantu ama-ellagitannins aguqulwa yi-gut microflora ibe yi-ellagic acid ephinde iguqulwe ibe ama-urolithins A, urolithin B, urolithin C kanye ne-urolithin D emathunjini amakhulu.

I-Urolithin A (UA) yi-metabolite edume kakhulu yama-ellagitannins. Kodwa-ke, i-urolithin A ayaziwa ukuthi ivela ngokwemvelo kunoma iyiphi imithombo yokudla.

I-Urolithin B (UB) iyi-metabolite eningi ekhiqizwa emathunjini ngokuguqulwa kwama-ellagitannins. I-Urolithin B ingumkhiqizo wokugcina ngemuva kokuthi wonke amanye ama-urolithin derivatives ehlehlisiwe. I-Urolithin B itholakala emchameni njenge-urolithin B glucuronide.

I-Urolithin A 8-Methyl Ether ingumkhiqizo ophakathi ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-Urolithin A. I-metabolite yesibili ephawulekayo ye-ellagitannin futhi inezakhiwo ze-antioxidant nezokulwa nokuvuvukala.

 

Indlela yokusebenza kwe-urolithin A no-B

● I-Urolithin A iheha i-mitophagy

I-Mitophagy enye indlela ye-autophagy esiza ukuqeda i-mitochondrial eyonakele ekusebenzeni kwayo okuhle. I-Autophagy isho inqubo esetshenziswayo lapho okuqukethwe kwe-cytoplasmic kuncekelwa khona futhi ngenxa yalokho kuphinde kusetshenziswe kabusha ngenkathi i-mitophagy kungukuwohloka nokuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha i-mitochondria.

Ngesikhathi sokuguga ukwehla kokuzenzakalela ngesici esisodwa esiholela ekwehleni komsebenzi we-mitochondrial. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezelwa kwe-oxidative nakho kungaholela ekuzenzakaleni okuphansi. I-Urolithin A inekhono lokususa i-mitochondria eyonakele ngokusebenzisa i-autophagy ekhethiwe.

● Izakhi ze-antioxidant

Ukucindezela kwe-Oxidative kwenzeka lapho kunokungalingani phakathi kwama-radicals mahhala ne-antioxidant emzimbeni. Le radicals yamahhala ngokweqile ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezifo eziningi ezingamahlalakhona ezinjengezifo zenhliziyo, isifo sikashukela nomdlavuza.

Ama-Urolithins A no-B abonisa imiphumela ye-antioxidant ngokusebenzisa amandla abo ukunciphisa ama-radicals wamahhala futhi ikakhulukazi amazinga we-oksijini we-oxygen (ROS) we-intracellular futhi enhibit peroxidation ezinhlotsheni ezithile zeseli.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-urolithin akwazi ukuvimbela ama-enzyme athile e-oxidizing, kufaka phakathi i-monoamine oxidase A ne-tyrosinase.

● Izakhiwo ezilwa nokuvuvukala

Ukuvuvukala kuyinqubo engokwemvelo lapho imizimba yethu ilwa nanoma yikuphi ukuwa okufana nokutheleleka, ukulimala, namagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuvukala okungamahlalakhona kungaba yingozi emzimbeni ngoba lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nokuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene okufana nesifuba somoya, izinkinga zenhliziyo, nomdlavuza. Ukuvuvukala okungamahlalakhona kungenzeka ngenxa yokuvuvukala okukhulu okungalashwa, ukutheleleka noma ama-radicals mahhala emzimbeni.

Ama-Urolithins A no-B abonisa izakhiwo ezilwa nokuvuvukala ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitric oxide. Zinqabela ngokuthe ngqo i-nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) ye-nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) ne-mRNA enesibopho sokuvuvukala.

● Imiphumela elwa namagciwane

Imicrobes kufaka phakathi amagciwane, isikhunta kanye namagciwane kwenzeka ngokwemvelo emvelo futhi nasemzimbeni womuntu. Kodwa-ke, amagciwane ambalwa abizwa ngokuthi ama-pathogen angadala izifo ezithathelwanayo njengomkhuhlane, isimungumungwane kanye nomalaleveva.

I-Urolithin A no-B ziyakwazi ukubonisa umsebenzi we-antimicrobial ngokuvimbela umuzwa we-quorum. Ukuzwela i-Quorum kuyindlela yokuxhumana kwamagciwane enikeza ama-bacterium ukubona futhi alawule izinqubo ezihlobene nokutheleleka ezifana ne-virulence and motility.

● Ukuvimbela amaprotheni glycation

I-Glycation isho okunamathiselwe ushukela okungewona okwama-enzymatic kashukela ku-lipid noma iprotheni. I-biomarker ebalulekile kushukela nezinye izifo kanye nokuguga.

I-glycation ephezulu yamaphaphu ngumphumela wesibili we-hyperglycemia onendima enkulu ekuphazamisekeni okuhlobene nenhliziyo njengesifo sikashukela nesifo i-Alzheimer's.

I-Urolithin A ne-B inezindawo zokulwa ne-glycative ezixhomekeke kumthamo ezizimele zomsebenzi wazo we-antioxidant.

 

Izinzuzo ze-Urolithin A

(1) Ingangezela isikhathi sokuphila
I-Urolithin A ifaka i-mitophagy ngokukhetha ukususa i-mitochondria eyonakalisiwe. Lokhu futhi kuqinisekisa ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-mitochondria yokusebenza kahle. IMitochondria imvamisa ilimala ngeminyaka futhi futhi ngenxa yengcindezi. Ukuqeda i-mitochondria eyonakalisiwe kudlala indima ekwandiseni isikhathi sokuphila.

Ekutadisheni izibungu, i-urolithin Isengezo esilawulwa ku-50 µM kusuka esigabeni seqanda kuze kube sekufeni kutholakele ukwelula isikhathi sabo sokuphila ngo-45.4%.

Kwesinye isifundo esenziwe ngo-2019 kusetshenziswa ama-fibroblasts womuntu we-senescent, i-urolithin A supplement yatholakala ukukhombisa amandla wokulwa nokuguga. Ikwazile ukwandisa uhlobo lwe-1 collagen expression futhi yehlisa nencazelo ye-matrix metalloproteinase 1.

Ucwaningo oluncane lwabantu lubonisa nokuthi i-UA yayikwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial nempilo yamathambo kubantu asebekhulile lapho iphathwa ngomlomo ku-500-1000mg isikhathi esingamasonto amane.

(2) Siza ukuvimbela umdlavuza wendlala yesinye
Ama-urolithin kanye nomanduleli wawo, ama-ellagitannins, anezinto ezilwa nomdlavuza. Bayakwazi ukuvimbela ukwanda komdlavuza weseli ngokuboshwa komjikelezo wamaseli nangokufaka i-apoptosis. I-Apoptosis isho ukufa okuhleliwe okuhleliwe lapho umzimba ususa khona umdlavuza-amaseli namanye amaseli angenwe yileli gciwane.

Ocwaningweni lwamagundane ajovwe ngamaseli womdlavuza womuntu, kwatholakala ukuthi i-ellagitannins metabolites (Urolithin A) ivimbela ukukhula komdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Ucwaningo luphinde lwabika ukugcwala okuphezulu kwama-metabolites emzimbeni we-Prostate gland, colon kanye nezicubu zamathumbu.

(3) Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo
I-Urolithin A iyakwazi ukuvikela ama-neurons ekufeni futhi ingadala neurogeneis ngokusebenzisa ukusayina okulwa nokuvuvukala.

Esifundweni samagundane kanye nokukhubazeka kwememori, kutholakale ukuthi i-urolithin A ilungisa ukungalungiswa kwengqondo futhi ivikele nama-neurons ekuqopheni. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi i-UA ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo se-Alzheimer's (AD).

(4) Amandla wokulwa nokukhuluphala
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ama-ellagitannins ayakwazi ukuvimba ukuqongelela i-lipid futhi amaka we-adipogenic anjenge-protein ukukhula kwe-protein 2 kanye ne-protein-binding binding ngokubopha umjikelezo weseli.

I-Urolithin A itholakele ngqo ukuze ithuthukise umuzwa we-insulin ngaleyo ndlela ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluphala.

Ocwaningweni lwamagundane anesifo sokukhuluphala, i-urolithin A supplementation yatholakala ukuvikela ukukhuluphala okubangelwa ukudla kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kumagundane. Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-UA kwandisa izindleko zamandla ngakho-ke isisindo somzimba esiphansi.

 

Imithombo yokudla ye-Urolithin A no-B

Ama-urolithin akwaziwa ukuthi atholakala ngokwemvelo kunoma yimiphi imithombo yokudla. Bawumkhiqizo wokuguqulwa kwama-asidi we-ellagic aqhamuka kuma-ellagitannins. Ama-Ellagitannins aguqulwa aba ama-ellagic acid yi-gut micobiota futhi i-ellagic acid ibuye iguqulwe ibe yi-metabolites yayo (ama-urolithins) emathunjini amakhulu.

Ama-ellagitannins avela ngokwemvelo emithonjeni yokudla njengamapomegranati, amajikijolo afaka ama-strawberry, ama-raspberries, ama-cloudberries nama-blackberries, amagilebhisi e-muscadine, ama-alimondi, amagwava, itiye namantongomane afana nama-walnuts nama-chestnuts kanye neziphuzo ezineminyaka engama-oki ngokwesibonelo iwayini elibomvu ne-whisky evela imiphongolo ye-oki.

Ngakho-ke singaphetha ngokudla kwe-urolithin A kanye nokudla kwe-urolithin B ukudla okunothe i-ellagitannin. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-ellagitannin bioavailability incane kakhulu ngenkathi ama-metabolites ayo wesibili (ama-urolithins) etholakala kalula.

Ukukhishwa nokukhiqizwa kwe-Urolithins kuyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu kusukela ukuguqulwa kusuka kuma-ellagitannins kuncike kwi-microbiota esiswini. Kunamagciwane athile athintekayo kulokhu kuguqulwa futhi ayahlukahluka kubantu lapho abanye benama-microbiota aphezulu, aphansi noma engekho. Imithombo yokudla nayo iyahlukahluka emazingeni e-ellagitannins awo. Ngakho-ke izinzuzo ezingaba khona zama-ellagitannins ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomunye umuntu.

 

Izithasiselo ze-Urolithin A no-B

Izithako ze-Urolithin A kanye nezithasiselo ze-Urolithin B zitholakala kalula emakethe njengezithako zokudla ezinothe nge-ellagitannin. Izithasiselo ze-Urolithin A nazo ziyatholakala kalula. Kakhulu izengezo zamapomegranati zithengiswe kabanzi futhi zasetshenziswa ngempumelelo. Lezi zithasiselo zihlanganiswa nezithelo noma amantongomane bese zenziwa zaba uketshezi noma ifomu lempuphu.

Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kokugxila kwe-ellagitannins ekudleni okwehlukile, amakhasimende e-urolithin ayithenga ecubungula umthombo wokudla. Okufanayo kusebenza lapho kutholwa i-urolithin B powder noma izengezo zoketshezi.

Izifundo ezimbalwa zomtholampilo zabantu ezenziwa nge-urolithin A powder noma B azange zibike noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi evela ekuphathweni kwalezi zithasiselo.

Izikhombo

1. UGarcia-Munoz, uCristina; UVaillant, uFabrice (2014-12-02). "I-Metabolic Fate ye-Ellagitannins: Imiphumela Yezempilo, Nemibono Yokucwaninga Yokudla Okusebenzayo Okusebenzayo". Ukubuyekezwa Okubalulekile kuSayensi Yezokudla Nondlekile.
2. UBialonska D, uKasimsetty SG, uKhan SI, uFerreira D (11 Novemba 2009). "Ama-Urolithins, ama-metabolites amancane emathunjini we-Pomegranate ellagitannins, akhombisa umsebenzi onamandla we-antioxidant ekuhlolweni okususelwa kuseli". J Agric Ukudla Chem.
3. UBodwell, uGraham; UPottie, u-Ian; INandaluru, iPenchal (2011). "I-Inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder-Based Total Synthesis ye-Urolithin M7".